The Cisco 100-890 exam is a comprehensive assessment that evaluates your knowledge and skills in networking fundamentals. It covers a broad spectrum of topics, starting with the fundamentals of IP addressing, where you'll learn about IPv4 and IPv6 addressing schemes, subnetting, and supernetting. The exam then delves into routing, exploring dynamic routing protocols like OSPF and EIGRP, and their role in determining the best paths for data transmission. Switching, another crucial aspect, involves understanding Layer 2 technologies, VLANs, and trunking, which are essential for efficient data transfer within a local network. Network security is a critical component, and the exam covers various security measures, including access control lists (ACLs), firewalls, and VPNs, to safeguard data and network infrastructure. Additionally, you'll explore network architectures, learning about different network topologies and their advantages and disadvantages. The exam also touches on network programming and automation, introducing you to the basics of network scripting and the use of tools like Cisco's Netconf and Yang.